Best Country to Immigrate in South America in 2026

5 Reasons to Move to South America in 2026

South America is becoming one of the world’s most attractive regions for relocation. With its mix of economic growth, rich natural resources, welcoming immigration policies, and affordable living standards, the continent appeals to professionals, retirees, and digital nomads alike. Below are five key reasons why more people are choosing South America as their new home.

1. A Diverse and Growing Economy

South America is home to more than 434 million people and in 2026 its combined economy is worth around $4.38 trillion, ranking fourth globally. Growth is expected to average 2.7%, driven by countries like Brazil, Argentina, and Chile. Brazil dominates in agriculture and manufacturing, while Uruguay attracts attention for its high GDP per capita and social stability. This mix of large, resource-rich nations and smaller, stable economies makes the continent an appealing place for entrepreneurs and professionals seeking new opportunities.

2. Natural Wealth and Global Agriculture Leadership

The continent’s natural abundance is unmatched. Brazil remains the world’s top producer of coffee and sugarcane, and ranks among the five biggest producers of soybeans, pineapples, and cotton. Argentina, Chile, and Colombia supply global markets with cherries, avocados, wine, and premium coffee. South America is also rich in minerals: Chile and Peru lead global copper production, while Bolivia and Argentina form part of the “lithium triangle.” Add to that vast freshwater reserves and fisheries, and the region is positioned as a global food and resource powerhouse.

3. High Quality of Life and Stability

For expats, quality of life is often the deciding factor. Chile is widely recognized for its political stability, low levels of corruption, and modern infrastructure, earning its spot in the OECD back in 2010. Uruguay consistently ranks as one of the safest and most socially progressive countries in Latin America, while Argentina attracts newcomers with its affordability and vibrant cultural life. Cities like Santiago combine efficient public transport and mountain views, while Montevideo and Buenos Aires offer a mix of safety, modern services, and European-style charm.

4. Expat and Retirement-Friendly Options

South America has become a magnet for retirees and digital nomads thanks to flexible visa programs and affordable living costs. Ecuador is a prime example: it uses the U.S. dollar, offers a mild climate, and provides residency options such as retirement and professional visas. The region is also a safe haven for those seeking new beginnings; nearly 8 million Venezuelan migrants have resettled across the continent, boosting host economies by up to 0.25% of GDP annually. This welcoming environment has also attracted Russians, North Americans, and Europeans looking for stability, safety, and opportunity.

5. Emerging Innovation and Tech Potential

While natural resources remain the backbone of South America’s economy, the region is rapidly becoming a hub for technology and innovation. Countries such as Argentina, Colombia, and Uruguay are making strides in artificial intelligence and startup ecosystems, supported by solid infrastructure and young, highly educated workforces. With global remote work on the rise, South America offers a rare mix of affordability, connectivity, and growth potential that appeals to entrepreneurs and digital professionals alike.

Below are the five best countries for relocation in South America:

Argentina

Argentina is one of the most attractive destinations for expatriates in South America, combining a rich cultural heritage, diverse landscapes, and a relatively low cost of living. Its flexible residency pathways, favorable citizenship rules, and strong passport make it especially appealing for retirees, digital nomads, and investors seeking a base in the region.

Residency Programs in Argentina

Based on practical experience, the most popular residency options in Argentina fall into several categories, each tailored to different types of applicants.

The Student Visa is intended for those enrolled in officially recognized educational institutions, whether secondary schools, universities, or specialized programs. This visa usually grants temporary residency for one year, which can be extended, and requires proof of enrollment along with standard documents such as a valid passport and background checks.

The Work Visa is available to foreigners entering Argentina for lawful, paid employment. Applicants need an entry permit before applying, and their employer must be registered with the National Immigration Office and the Federal Administration of Public Revenue. The process involves presenting an employment contract that meets Argentina’s labor standards, and dependents can be included in the application.

For those seeking medical care, the Medical Visa offers temporary residence of one year, renewable if treatment continues. Applicants must submit their medical history endorsed either by a public hospital or by a private clinic certified by the Ministry of Health. Relatives or guardians of minors undergoing treatment may also be included. Argentina’s reputation for affordable yet high-quality healthcare has made this an attractive option for medical tourism.

The Retirement Visa (Pensionado) is designed for foreign pensioners who can prove regular monthly income from abroad, at a level set relative to Argentina’s minimum wage (USD2,000 is recommended). The visa is issued for one year, renewable for three, and offers a path to permanent residency and citizenship after two consecutive years.

Similarly, the Financier or Rentista Visa targets individuals with steady income from foreign assets such as real estate, investments, or business ownership. This visa requires proof that income is lawfully generated and transferred into Argentina through approved financial institutions. It allows self-employment or entrepreneurship but not salaried work, and after two years of legal residence, applicants may pursue citizenship.

The Investment Visa requires foreigners to invest in a productive or commercial activity in Argentina, with projects evaluated for feasibility and financial sustainability by the Ministry of Economy. Residence is initially granted for one year, renewable for up to three, and can lead to permanent residency and citizenship. Current discussions suggest that Argentina is also preparing a new Citizenship by Investment program to attract high-net-worth individuals.

Finally, Argentina has introduced a Digital Nomad Visa offering a 180-day stay, extendable once, for remote workers and freelancers employed by foreign companies. While this visa is convenient for location-independent professionals, it does not serve as a pathway to permanent residency or citizenship.

Citizenship in Argentina

Foreigners have several routes to Argentine citizenship, depending on their personal circumstances. The most common pathways include naturalization after a period of residence, marriage to an Argentine citizen, descent from Argentine parents or grandparents, and automatic acquisition by birth. More recently, investment has also emerged as a potential fast-track option, signaling a major policy shift.

Naturalization (outlined in Article 2 of Law 346) remains the most widely used channel. Applicants must generally be at least 18 years old and have lived legally and continuously in Argentina for two years. Interruptions in residence can reset this requirement, although exceptional achievements in areas such as culture, science, or business may allow for an exemption. Applicants must appear before a federal judge to formally declare their intent to become Argentine citizens. While there are no formal language exams, a basic command of Spanish is expected during interviews. Criminal convictions, ongoing prosecutions, or unlawful sources of income may hinder approval, though older or minor offenses typically do not.

Marriage to an Argentine citizen provides a faster path. Spouses may apply for nationality while residing in Argentina without waiting the standard two years. This provision applies equally to both opposite-sex and same-sex marriages, reflecting Argentina’s progressive approach to equal rights.

Citizenship by descent follows the principle of jus sanguinis. Children born abroad to Argentine-born parents can opt for nationality through a straightforward process, either at consulates or in Argentina. Those whose parents became citizens by option or naturalization may also be eligible, though their applications must go through federal courts and require legal representation.

Citizenship by birth is automatic for anyone born on Argentine soil, with the sole exception of children of foreign diplomats. A recent legal change clarifies that foreign parents of Argentine-born children no longer automatically qualify for residency; they must meet standard requirements, including proof of means and a clean record.

Argentina has launched a Citizenship by Investment program. Unlike the current investment-residency route, which requires a business investment and two years of residence before naturalization, the new program will allow foreign nationals to gain citizenship directly by investing in sectors such as agriculture, technology, energy, or tourism. All funds must come from legitimate sources and be transferred through banks authorized by the Central Bank. Although details are still being finalized, the initiative positions Argentina as one of the few South American countries offering a direct citizenship option for high-net-worth investors.

Please be advised that multiple citizenship in Argentina is allowed. 

Colombia

Colombia stands out as another practical choice for relocation in South America. It has become an increasingly attractive destination for expats in recent years, offering a balance of affordable living, diverse landscapes, and growing business opportunities. Its visa system is structured yet flexible, making it possible for retirees, investors, digital nomads, and entrepreneurs alike to secure legal residency.

Residency Programs in Colombia

The Colombia’s immigration system under the Resolution 5477 de 2022 revolves around three main visa categories:

• V – Visitor Visa. This short-term visa is tailored for purposes like tourism, academic exchanges, business trips, medical treatment, volunteering, or remote work (e.g., digital nomads). It may be issued for up to 180 days, and in some cases, even up to five years, but it does not lead to permanent residency or citizenship.
• M – Migrant Visa. These are multi-year (up to 3 years) visas granted for specific purposes such as investment, retirement, or marriage. In particular, the Real Estate Investment Visa requires investing approximately USD 120,000 (or 350 times the minimum monthly wage) in Colombian property. Meanwhile, the Business Investment Visa requires about USD 35,000 (100 times the minimum monthly salary). Once issued, M‑visas are renewable and serve as a stepping stone to permanent residency.
• R – Resident Visa. After fulfilling the required period under an M visa, individuals become eligible to apply for the Resident Visa, which confers permanent residence. This grants indefinite stay, full employment rights, and access to social systems. Typically, applicants qualify after holding an M visa for five consecutive years, though this varies depending on visa category.

Citizenship in Colombia

Colombia recognizes several pathways to citizenship, reflecting its inclusive legal framework. The most common route is naturalization, which requires holding a permanent resident visa and living legally in the country for five consecutive years. This period is reduced for certain applicants: citizens of Latin American or Caribbean nations can apply after only one year, while Spaniards and foreign spouses of Colombians are eligible after two years. The process involves demonstrating integration into Colombian society, providing proof of economic stability, and attending an interview where basic Spanish proficiency is expected.

Citizenship by marriage provides a fast track for foreigners married to Colombian nationals. After two years of legal residence in the country as a spouse, applicants may submit their case for nationality, bypassing the standard five-year requirement. This provision applies equally to same-sex and opposite-sex marriages, aligning with Colombia’s progressive family rights policies.

Citizenship by descent is available for those with Colombian parents. Children born abroad to at least one Colombian parent can claim nationality by registering at a consulate or local registry in Colombia. Even grandchildren may, in certain cases, qualify if their parents had previously secured citizenship by option.

Citizenship by birth is one of the most straightforward routes, as anyone born on Colombian soil is automatically a national, except for children of foreign diplomats.

Colombia also recognizes adoption as a basis for citizenship, allowing children adopted by Colombian nationals to claim nationality once the adoption is legally recognized.

Importantly, Colombia permits dual and multiple citizenships, so applicants are not required to renounce their original nationality. This flexibility makes Colombian citizenship particularly attractive for expatriates seeking global mobility while maintaining ties to their home country.

Chile 

Chile is often regarded as one of the most stable and prosperous countries in South America, offering a variety of residency and citizenship options.

Residency Programs in Chile

Chile offers several attractive residency pathways, with the Independent Means, Retirement, and Investor visas being among the most popular options.

The Independent Means Visa is intended for individuals who can demonstrate steady passive income. Applicants are required to provide proof of recurring earnings, such as rental contracts, dividends, or investment returns, either from Chile or abroad. Income from active employment does not qualify for this visa type. While the law does not set a formal minimum income threshold, in practice applicants are advised to show bank statements confirming at least USD 1,500 in monthly income for the main applicant and around USD 500 for each dependent to cover living expenses during their stay.

For older applicants, the Retirement Visa provides an alternative route. This option is generally available to individuals who receive a monthly pension of USD 1,500–2,000 or more may also qualify. The visa is usually granted for one year and can be renewed.

The Investor Visa is designed for foreigners intending to invest in Chile’s economy or take up executive, senior management, or technical positions in companies linked to foreign investment. The general investment threshold is USD 500,000 or more, directed toward the production of goods or services. This category also extends to individuals employed or contracted by companies in which foreign investors hold at least 10% of voting rights or equivalent ownership. It offers a path for both entrepreneurs and professionals looking to combine career opportunities with residency in Chile.

Citizenship in Chile

Foreigners seeking Chilean citizenship must first establish legal residence in the country and maintain continuous residence for a period of about five years. Applicants are required to present a clean criminal record, show adequate knowledge of Spanish, and provide a complete set of documents, including background checks, proof of income, and civil records such as birth and marriage certificates. Once these conditions are met, an application is submitted to the relevant authority along with the required government fees.

Naturalization remains the most common route for foreign nationals. The general requirements include being at least 18 years of age, holding a valid permanent residence permit (Residencia Definitiva), and having lived in Chile for a minimum of five years. Children of foreigners can apply at 14 years old if they meet the same conditions and have notarized parental authorization. Minors under 18 may also be granted nationality if their parents hold refugee status and have obtained Chile’s Carta de Nacionalización. In certain cases, naturalization may be available after just two years of permanent residency, provided the applicant has close family ties with a Chilean citizen.

Foreign nationals married to Chilean citizens can apply for citizenship on an accelerated timeline. After two years of continuous residence in the country, while maintaining valid legal status, spouses may submit an application for nationality. Applicants are expected to demonstrate integration into Chilean society, including Spanish language skills and participation in community life. It is also essential that the marriage is legally recognized in Chile and all documentation is properly registered with the civil authorities.

Chilean citizenship is also available through family ties. Individuals who are related to a Chilean citizen up to the second degree of consanguinity, or who have been legally adopted by Chilean nationals, may apply. In addition, children whose parents lost their Chilean nationality prior to their birth may also qualify. Applicants must provide the necessary documentation proving their lineage or adoption status, such as birth and adoption certificates, as well as legal evidence of the parent’s previous citizenship status.

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Uruguay 

Uruguay is widely regarded as one of the most welcoming and stable destinations in South America, drawing expatriates with its strong democratic institutions, secure environment, and high standard of living.

Residency Programs in Uruguay

The following residency options are available for foreigners in Uruguay.
The Investment Visa is Designed for foreigners willing to make significant contributions to Uruguay’s economy. The most common investment options include real estate purchases or business ventures. Applicants must invest at least USD 525,000 to qualify, and meeting this threshold allows them to apply directly for permanent residency.
Geared toward financially self-sufficient individuals, the Independent Means Visa requires proof of a minimum monthly income of USD 1,500 from pensions, rental properties, or other passive sources. Employment income is not accepted. Applicants must demonstrate that their income is stable and sufficient to cover living expenses in Uruguay.
A highly popular choice among expatriates, the Retirement Visa requires proof of retirement income of at least USD 1,500 per month. Eligible income sources include pensions or social security benefits. Uruguay is particularly attractive for retirees thanks to its affordable living costs, excellent healthcare, and strong social services.
Introduced through decree 238/022, the Digital Nomad Visa program targets freelancers and remote workers employed by foreign companies. It allows residence in Uruguay for six months, with a possibility of renewal for another six months. Those who wish to stay longer may transition into temporary or permanent residency. Applicants must first enter Uruguay as tourists and then file an online declaration confirming financial self-sufficiency.

Citizenship in Uruguay

Uruguay offers a variety of citizenship pathways, including naturalization, descent, and marriage, as well as indirect opportunities through investment that lead to residency and eventual nationality. The system is designed to be flexible while maintaining clear legal standards, allowing foreigners to integrate into one of South America’s most stable and inclusive societies.

Citizenship by naturalization is the most common route. Applicants must first obtain legal residency, which can be achieved through work, study, family reunification, or investment visas. Once resident, the length of time required depends on personal circumstances: three years for those married to a Uruguayan citizen and five years for single applicants. During this period, residents are expected to spend at least six months each year living in the country. A notable feature of Uruguay’s system is that the naturalization period is calculated from the date of entry into the country, not from the issuance of a residence permit. Applicants must also demonstrate good conduct; a passport may be refused if crimes were committed during the qualifying years.

Citizenship by descent is granted to children and grandchildren of Uruguayans born abroad, provided their births are properly registered at the National Civic Register. Under Article 74 of the Constitution, anyone born in Uruguay automatically acquires natural citizenship, regardless of the parents’ nationality. For children of foreign parents, registration at the civic registry is mandatory and typically must be completed within 10 to 20 days after birth (with extended deadlines in rural areas). The process is free and usually completed within a month. To reinforce the applicant’s ties to Uruguay, evidence such as property ownership, a rental agreement, or employment in the country may be required.

Citizenship by marriage offers a faster pathway for foreign spouses of Uruguayans. After three years of legal residence in Uruguay, a foreign spouse may apply, provided the marriage is still valid. Applications must be filed with the National Civic Register and supported by documentation such as an apostilled and translated marriage certificate, proof of family ties, and testimony from a Uruguayan witness familiar with the couple.

Paraguay

Residency Programs in Paraguay

Paraguay has gained attention as one of the most straightforward countries in South America for securing long-term residency, offering several attractive options for retirees, investors, and individuals with stable passive income.

The Retirement Residency Program is a popular choice for those with a steady pension or equivalent monthly income. Applicants are required to demonstrate at least 100 times the minimum wage, currently around USD 1,400 per month. One of the key advantages of this program is its permanence: the permit does not need to be renewed once granted. However, residents must return to Paraguay at least once every three years to keep their status active. After two years, temporary residents may transition to permanent residency, and after five years of residence, they become eligible for citizenship.

Paraguay also offers a streamlined Residency by Investment Program, governed by Law No. 6984/22. This program grants permanent residency immediately upon approval for foreign citizens who invest in Paraguay and register their businesses through the Unified System of Opening and Closing of Companies (SUACE). SUACE acts as a centralized one-stop service, coordinating company registration and state filings to make business establishment faster and more efficient. To qualify, investors must commit at least USD 70,000 over ten years, although in practice the amount may be reduced if the applicant proceeds directly to citizenship. Successful investors can apply for naturalization after only three years of residence.

Finally, the Passive Income Residency Program closely mirrors the retirement option. Applicants must demonstrate a monthly passive income of approximately USD 1,400, ensuring they can sustain themselves without employment in Paraguay. This route also provides permanent residency without the need for renewals, with the same requirement to visit the country at least once every three years.

Citizenship in Paraguay

Paraguay provides several routes to citizenship, including birth, descent, marriage, and naturalization.

• By Birth. Any child born in Paraguay automatically becomes a citizen, regardless of the parents’ nationality. Children born abroad to Paraguayan parents may also qualify, though in some cases a formal petition is required.
• By Descent. Individuals with at least one Paraguayan parent can obtain citizenship once they move to the country and register.
• By Marriage. Foreign spouses of Paraguayan citizens do not receive automatic nationality but may apply for residency based on marriage. After three years of residence, they can request citizenship.
• By Naturalization. Foreigners can apply if they are over 18, have lived in Paraguay legally for more than three years, maintain lawful activity such as work or business, and hold a clean record. Applicants must also spend at least 183 days per year in the country, know the national anthem, and pass exams in Spanish or Guaraní, plus Paraguayan history and politics.

The general overview of the country can be found in the table below. 

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FAQ about the Best Countries to Immigrate in 2026

What is the Safest and Cheapest Country to Live in South America?

Uruguay is often considered both the safest and one of the most affordable countries to live in South America. It consistently ranks high for safety, political stability, and quality of life, while still offering lower living costs compared to Europe or North America. Montevideo and Punta del Este provide modern infrastructure, excellent healthcare, and a relaxed lifestyle, while smaller towns offer even greater affordability. Many expats choose Uruguay because it strikes a balance between low crime, strong institutions, and a cost of living that remains accessible for retirees, digital nomads, and families.

What is the Easiest South American Country to Get Residency in?

Paraguay is widely recognized as the easiest country in South America to obtain residency. The process is simple: applicants can secure permanent residency by showing a small bank balance of around USD 5,000 and submitting basic documents such as a clean criminal record and proof of income. The bureaucracy is lighter than in most other countries in the region, and there are no strict language or cultural integration requirements. Once approved, residents enjoy flexibility in maintaining their status without needing to spend the majority of the year inside the country.

What is the Cheapest South American Country to Get Residency in?

Paraguay also stands out as the cheapest country to obtain residency, thanks to its minimal financial requirements. Unlike other nations that require proof of significant monthly income or real estate investment, Paraguay’s program involves only a modest income level that remains under your control. Ecuador is another cost-effective option, offering retirement and rentista visas at relatively low thresholds, often starting at a monthly income requirement of USD 1,400 for a family. These options make both countries attractive to budget-conscious expats who want to secure legal residency without committing large sums upfront.

What is the Fastest South American Country to Get Residency in?

Paraguay and Uruguay are generally the fastest countries to grant residency permits. In Paraguay, applicants can often complete the process within a few months, provided documentation is in order and legal assistance is used. Uruguay also offers a streamlined process where temporary residency can be granted in as little as three to six months, especially for retirees and those with stable income. Compared to countries like Brazil or Chile, where the process can stretch over a year, these nations provide a faster pathway for newcomers eager to settle down quickly.

Which Country Provides the Easiest Residency Stay Requirements in South America?

Paraguay is widely regarded as the country with the easiest residency stay requirements in South America. The process to obtain residency is straightforward, and once granted, the physical presence rules are highly flexible. Holders of temporary residency need only visit Paraguay once per year, while those with a permanent residence permit are required to enter the country just once every three years. This makes Paraguay an appealing option for remote workers, entrepreneurs, and frequent travelers who want to secure a legal base in South America without being tied to demanding stay obligations.

What is the Easiest South American Country to Get Citizenship?

Argentina offers the easiest path to citizenship in the region, requiring just two years of continuous legal residency before eligibility. This is significantly shorter than most neighboring countries, where the standard is typically five years (such as in Uruguay) or even longer. The process involves proving integration into Argentine society and applying through the courts, with many cases moving forward efficiently. For those seeking a relatively quick and straightforward route to a second passport, Argentina’s two-year timeline is unmatched in South America. In addition, Argentina has introduced a citizenship-by-investment program that allows applicants to obtain a passport within several months, without the need to apply for residency first or spend time in the country.

What is the Fastest Way to Get Citizenship in a South American Country?

The fastest way to citizenship in South America is through Argentina’s citizenship process, which allows foreigners to apply for naturalization after only two years of residency, and in some cases even sooner if exceptional circumstances apply (such as investment, having Argentine children or marrying an Argentine citizen). This is much faster than the global average of five to ten years. Additionally, marriage and investment pathways in certain countries can shorten the timeline, but none rival Argentina’s combination of speed, legal precedent, and accessibility.