Colombia Investment Visa: The Ultimate Guide 2024

Investment visas, or so-called "Golden Visa" programs, have become popular all over the world as a way for people and families from other countries to get residency or citizenship by making financial investments in the hosting country. These programs are great for both investors and the country. They help the economy of the country grow and provide investors with more freedom, mobility, and opportunity to get a return on investment. One of the countries that have capitalized on this trend is Colombia.

Investing in Colombia provides access to a resource-rich economy, a strategic geographical location, and growing market potential. This is supported by business-friendly reforms and an improving infrastructure, making it an attractive opportunity for investors looking for growth and diversification in South America.

Why Choose Colombia's Investment Visa? 

Colombia is becoming a hotspot for foreign investors. There are a variety of factors that collectively contribute to the popularity of Colombian investment visas among individuals looking for a combination of residency, economic opportunities, and a clear path to additional citizenship. 

Here are 6 reasons to get Colombia’s Investment Visa:

1. Investment opportunities

A range of investment options are available in Colombia, such as real estate and businesses, allowing investors to choose the avenue that best aligns with their interests and financial goals.

2. Residency status

Investment visas grant temporary residency, providing holders with the legal right to live and work in Colombia without any limitations. This legal status is particularly attractive for those who are in search of stability and security in a new country.

3. Access to education and healthcare systems 

Investment visa holders can access Colombia's education and healthcare systems, providing quality services at reasonable prices for themselves and their families, as well as enjoying tax benefits and incentives.

4. Fast application process

The process of getting an investment visa is straightforward and takes about 2-3 months.

5. Family inclusion 

Family members (spouses, financially dependent parents, and children) can be included in the application along with the investor.

6. Colombian permanent residency and citizenship

While temporary residency is the initial step, investors and their families can transition to permanent residency after 5 years more swiftly compared to other visa categories. This accelerated process can eventually lead to eligibility for Colombian citizenship in 10 years.

Types of Colombia Investment Visas

Colombian visas fall into three main categories: V, M, and R. The (M) Migrant Visa and (R) Resident Visa are both long-term visas, with the R being a permanent residence permit and the M having a visa validity of up to 3 years. The (V) Visitor Visa is intended for brief or temporary visits to the country. A detailed list of all types of Colombian visas can be found on this government website. 

Colombia’s government maintains 2  types of investment visas (M visas) as of today, including business investment and real estate investment visas. Prior to 2023, there was another option for an Investor visa through Foreign Direct Investment, but it was no longer available. This visa refers to the large investment made by foreign individuals, businesses, or entities into assets or enterprises located in Colombia.

The investment amount is calculated based on the Colombian minimum monthly salary of COP 1,300,606 in 2024. The exchange rate is COP 3928.63 per 1 USD at the moment of writing.

Real Estate Investment Visa (M-10 Visa) 

A real estate investment visa, also known as the M-10 Visa (Visa M Inversion inmobiliaria), is available for people who are ready to invest at least COP 460,414,524 (350 times the minimum monthly salary) or approximately USD 117,100 in real estate in the country. 

This visa was designed to encourage foreign investment in Colombian real estate, which includes residential and commercial properties. This type of visa is very popular among our clients from the United States.

Business Investment Visa (M-6 Visa) 

The business investment visa, also known as the M-6 Visa (Visa M Socio/Propietario), is suitable for people who wish to invest in existing businesses and entrepreneurial ventures or create a new company in Colombia. The minimum investment amount starts at COP 130,060,600 (100 times the minimum monthly salary), or approximately USD 33,100.

The purpose of this visa category is to encourage foreign investment in Colombian businesses and promote economic development and growth. This is another popular type of visa for US citizens. 

Colombia Real Estate Investment Visa (M10) Overview‍

Why choose Colombia's M-10 Investment Visa?

A stable economy and rising foreign investment have been driving Colombia's real estate market's consistent growth in the last 5 years. Between 2023 and 2028, Colombian real estate revenue is projected to grow by USD 4.4 billion, reaching USD 16.46 billion in 2028.

Urbanization has led to a growing demand for both residential and commercial properties in major cities like Bogotá, Medellin, Cali, and others. The residential sector offers a variety of housing options, from luxury apartments to affordable units, while the growing economy has boosted demand for office, retail, and industrial spaces.

Investing in Colombian real estate can provide opportunities for potential rental income and capital appreciation. Investors could get an annual return of up to 5%  and a return of their initial investment in 5 years.

Benefits of Colombian Real Estate Investment Visa

A Real Estate Investment visa has several benefits for foreign investors who are looking to purchase real estate in Colombia. Such benefits include:

Residency status 

Obtaining a Colombia Real Estate Investment Visa allows you to gain legal residency in Colombia. This means you can live and work in Colombia without the need for frequent visa renewals or extensions. 

Portfolio diversification

Investing in Colombian real estate can help diversify your investment portfolio by adding an international asset class. Additionally, you have the potential for long-term returns on your investment.

Access to healthcare and education

As a legal resident of Colombia, you have access to the country's healthcare and education systems. This is especially important if you plan to live in Colombia with your family. And the healthcare system is way more affordable than in Western countries.

Travel benefits

Holding Colombian residency via an Investment Visa makes it easier to travel to other countries in the region, as some visa requirements may be more straightforward for Colombian residents. 

Potential for citizenship

You can apply for Colombian citizenship in 10 years. Dual citizenship is allowed, which means there is no need to renounce your current citizenship. The basic requirements for Colombian citizenship by naturalization typically include a 5-year continuous and permanent residency, basic knowledge of Spanish, and a clean criminal record. 

Cost of living

Colombia is known for its relatively affordable cost of living compared to many Western countries. Your investment in real estate can provide you with a comfortable and cost-effective lifestyle. In comparison, rent prices in Medellin are 84.9% lower than in Miami. 

Tax benefits

Depending on your specific situation and Colombian tax laws, you may enjoy certain tax benefits related to your real estate investment. For example, resolution SDH 650 establishes a discount incentive of 1% on the real estate value if the specific requirements are met. 

Real estate market growth 

While all investments carry some level of risk, Colombia's real estate market has demonstrated growth potential in recent years, making it an attractive option for investors from all over the world and especially from the United States. 

Requirements for Colombian Real Estate Investment Visa

In order to qualify for the Colombian Real Estate Investment Visa (M-10), an applicant must invest at least USD 117,100 in real estate. The investment has to be in residential or commercial real estate. The property should be in the investor's name or the name of their legal entity.

Investors are required to have no criminal records, demonstrate a source of income or financial means to support themselves while residing in Colombia, and provide proof of valid health insurance. 

The Colombian Real Estate Investment visa has a 3-year validity period. This visa allows multiple entries into Colombia, but it expires if you leave the country for more than 6 months in a row.

What documents are required for a Colombian Real Estate Investment Visa?

The following is a general list of documents required for a Colombian Real Estate Investment Visa:

• Certificado de libertad y tradición of real estate property proving ownership;
• Communication issued by the Banco de la Republica's Department of International Exchange, which records direct foreign investment for the purchase of real estate in the name of the foreigner applying for the visa;
• First page of a valid passport, which includes biographical information;
• The page in the passport with the last stamp of entry or exit from Colombia;
• Passport photo;
• Application form; 
• Form F4 (foreign exchange declaration);
• Birth certificates of all family members;
• Marriage certificate, if applicable;
• Documents confirming employment and/or business activity (certificate of employment, instruments of incorporation) and personal income tax certificates;
• Bank statements on the balance and movement of funds;
• Health insurance; 
• Tax clearance certificate;
• Certificate of no criminal record from the home country and any other countries where investors have resided for the past 5 years;
• Business reference letter, etc.

Colombian immigration authorities may require additional documentation based on each investor's specific circumstances and goals. Thus, it is always better to work with experts on your application, who can provide a tailored list of required documents and help you with the application process.

How to apply for a Colombian Real Estate Investment Visa?

As an investor, you can submit a visa application to the Colombian consulate or embassy in your home country. Alternatively, you can apply for a visa in Colombia.

The application process for obtaining residency in Colombia has several steps and is outlined below.

Step 1. Understand the Eligibility Criteria 

First, you want to ensure you meet the eligibility criteria for the Real Estate Investment Visa (please see the comparison table below), and identify a suitable real estate investment opportunity in Colombia that meets the program's minimum investment requirements.

Step 2. Collect Required Documents 

In the next step, you will have to put together the necessary paperwork for a visa application. A certified translator in Colombia should translate the supporting documents into Spanish. 

Step 3. Open a Bank Account and Make the Investment 

Once the documents have been translated, you may need to open a bank account with BBVA, Banco de Colombia, or Davivienda Bank Colombia to complete the real estate purchase. 

Step 4. Submit Visa Application 

Once the above steps are completed, you can now apply for a visa at your home country's Colombian embassy or at the Immigration Service in Colombia if you are located there. 

In the US, you can apply for a visa at one of these main diplomatic offices:

1. Colombian Embassy in Washington, DC
2. Colombian Consulate-General in Miami, FL 
3. Colombian Consulate-General in New York, NY
4. Colombian Consulate-General in San Francisco, CA
5. Colombian Consulate in Chicago, IL 

Please see the comprehensive list of Colombian consulates on this website. 

In general, Colombian authorities take 4-5 business days to make a decision on an investment visa application. 

Step 5. Apply for a Residence Permit in Colombia 

When your M-10 Investment Visa is granted, you will enter Colombia, and apply for a residence permit. Within 1 month, the Immigration Service will review the application and issue a resident card that proves you are allowed to live in the country without any restrictions.

Colombia Business Investment Visa (M6) Overview

Why choose Colombia's M-6 Investment Visa?

Colombia has strong economic stability due to flexible fiscal policies and effective monetary management, fostering a favorable investment climate. In general, Latin America, including Colombia, outperformed the Middle East and Africa in business environment rankings, reflecting efforts to stimulate economic growth.

In 2022, Colombia attracted USD 9 billion (a 26% increase) in foreign direct investment (FDI), primarily in manufacturing, real estate, transport, logistics, and communication services, which received approximately USD 8.4 billion in FDI, according to UNCTAD's World Investment Report. Colombia's FDI was USD 5.278 billion in 2023.

Moreover, the government promotes foreign investment with pro-business policies such as tax incentives, simplified regulations, and investor support.

Benefits of Colombia Business Investment Visa

The Colombia Business Investment Visa (M-6) offers several benefits to foreign individuals looking to invest and conduct business activities in Colombia.

Ease of doing business

Holding this type of visa can facilitate various business activities in Colombia, such as starting a company, investing in existing businesses, or participating in entrepreneurial ventures. According to the Wall Street Journal Report for 2023, Colombia has a relatively open business environment, ranking 59th out of 190 economies for overall ease of doing business.

Investment opportunities

There are a range of investment opportunities in sectors like energy, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, and technology, and holding an M-6 Investment Visa can open doors to explore and capitalize on these opportunities. 

Access to trade agreements 

Colombia has a network of tax and trade agreements with numerous countries, providing visa holders with access to preferential trade terms and markets beyond Colombia's borders. This can significantly enhance international business opportunities. 

Residency status and path to citizenship

After holding the Business Investment Visa for 5 years and meeting certain criteria, individuals could apply for permanent residency in Colombia, which can lead to citizenship in 5 years. This underscores the long-term benefits for those looking to establish a strong presence in Colombia.

Tax benefits

Depending on the nature of the investment and the location, there are tax benefits and incentives available to investors in Colombia, which can contribute to the overall attractiveness of the investment.

Business expansion

Investors enter the Latin American market and get access to development projects in Bogota, Cali, Medellin, Barranquilla, and other cities. This presents a unique opportunity for investors to diversify their portfolios and ride the growth of key metropolitan areas across Colombia.

Healthcare and education accessibility

By obtaining the M-6 Investor Visa, you also get access to the healthcare and education systems of Colombia as a legal resident. This is very important if you want to move your family to Colombia. And the healthcare system is much cheaper compared to Western countries.

Travel advantages

In general, Colombian residency can facilitate travel to other countries in the region, as certain visa requirements may be simplified for residents. This advantage can further enhance the mobility and business prospects of investors. 

‍Requirements for Colombia Business Investment Visa

The Colombian Business Visa (M-6) is a residence visa for foreigners who have formed a new company or purchased a share of capital stock in an operating commercial company worth at least USD 33,100. 

Additionally, investors should meet other requirements. These include having a clean criminal record, being in good health, having a minimum net worth of USD 35,000, and showing that the funds have been legally obtained.

The M-6 Visa is valid for a period of up to 3 years. Although this visa allows multiple entries into Colombia, it loses its validity if you leave the country for more than 6 months in a row. 

What documents are required for the Colombia Business Investment Visa?

A general list of documents required for a Colombian Business Investment Visa is as follows:

• Company's statutory documents from the public notary, including the name, address, and breakdown of shares made by an accountant;
• Tax ID number and documentation for opening a bank account;
• Certificate of incorporation; 
• Documents proving the registration and certification of foreign investment at the Bank of the Republic; 
• Bank statements for a Colombian company from the last six months and an income statement from the last year (if applicable);
• First page of a valid passport, which includes biographical information;
• The page in the passport with the last stamp of entry or exit from Colombia:
• Passport photo;
• Application form; 
• Form F4 (foreign exchange declaration);
• Birth certificates of all family members;
• Marriage certificate;
• Documents confirming employment and/or business activity (certificate of employment, instruments of incorporation) and personal income tax certificates;
• Bank statements from the personal bank account;
• Health insurance; 
• Tax clearance certificate;
• Certificate of no criminal record from the home country and any other countries where investors have resided for the past 5 years;
• Business reference letter, etc.

In this type of visa application, depending on the particular background and circumstances of each investor, Colombian immigration authorities may also request additional documentation. For a more efficient and successful application process, we suggest working with experts who can provide guidance along the way.‍

How to apply for a Colombian Business Investment Visa?

The application process for getting a Business Investment Visa (M-6) is straightforward, fast, and similar to the Real Estate Investment Visa application.

Step 1. Understand the Eligibility Criteria 

First, as an investor, you should ensure that you meet the eligibility criteria for the Colombian Business Investment Visa and prepare a comprehensive investment plan that outlines the details of your investment in Colombia. 

Step 2. Gather Supporting Documents 

In this step, you will have to put together the necessary paperwork. A certified translator in Colombia should translate and certify the supporting documents into Spanish. 

Step 3. Complete Investment Requirements 

Once the documents have been translated and certified, you will incorporate a new company or invest in an existing one. You also should keep in mind that there are additional steps for a new company registration, which generally include:

• Choice of business structure (e.g., S.A., SRL, SAS);
• Reservation of a unique business name with the Chamber of Commerce;
• Draft and notarization of the Articles of Incorporation;
• Opening of a corporate bank account with BBVA, Banco de Colombia, or Davivienda Bank Colombia;
• Registration with the local Chamber of Commerce;
• Filing for a Tax Identification Number (NIT);
• Registration for applicable taxes with DIAN. 

Step 4. Submit Visa Application 

Once the previous steps are completed, you will apply for a visa at your home country's Colombian consulate or embassy, or at the Immigration Service in Colombia. 

You can apply for a M-6 Visa at the main Colombian diplomatic missions in the United States listed below: 

1. Colombian Embassy in Washington, DC
2. Colombian Consulate-General in Miami, FL 
3. Colombian Consulate-General in New York, NY
4. Colombian Consulate-General in San Francisco, CA
5. Colombian Consulate in Chicago, IL 

You can find the complete list of Colombian consulates on this website. 

The average time for the Colombian government to make a decision on an investment visa application is 4-5 business days. 

Step 5. Apply for a Residence Permit in Colombia 

When you receive your Business Investment Visa, you should enter Colombia and apply for a residence permit. Within 1 month, the Immigration Service will review the application and issue a resident card that proves that you are allowed to live in the country without any restrictions.

Colombia Real Estate vs Business Investment Visas Review

Below you can find a comparison table of the Colombian Real Estate Investment Visa (M-10 Visa) and the Colombian Business Investment Visa (M-6 Visa):

The choice between a real estate investment visa and a business investment visa in Colombia depends on your specific circumstances, goals, and preferences. Both visa options offer pretty similar benefits and requirements, so it is important to consider your individual situation before making a decision.

5 Tips to Get Colombian Investment Visas from Golden Harbors Experts

Obtaining a visa for investment in Colombia is straightforward and can unlock significant opportunities for foreign investors. Based on our experience and practice, all investors should follow these tips: 

1. Prepare a comprehensive business plan 

If your investment involves investing or starting a business in Colombia, you should prepare a well-documented business plan that outlines your investment strategy, job creation plans, and financial projections. A detailed and professionally prepared business plan can significantly strengthen your visa application, regardless of the fact that it is not a required document. 

2. Conduct due diligence for real estate 

Thoroughly research the Colombian real estate market and the specific region where you plan to invest. You should consult with Colombian real estate agencies to evaluate factors such as property prices, rental yields, potential appreciation, and market trends. It is recommended to conduct due diligence to assess the legal status of the property, its title, and any potential encumbrances. Your investment must comply with all local zoning and land use regulations. 

3. Provide source of funds documentation 

Be prepared to provide clear and comprehensive documentation that demonstrates the legal and legitimate source of your investment funds. This is a crucial aspect of the application process, and you must be able to prove that your funds were obtained legally. You can also use cryptocurrency, but the same requirements will apply. 

4. Start the process early 

Visa processing times can vary, and it is essential to start the application process well in advance of your planned investment and relocation dates. Delays can occur due to various reasons, such as incomplete documentation or a backlog of applications. Starting early will give you time to address any issues that may arise during the application process. 

5. Work with an expert

Before initiating the investment visa application process, it is highly advisable to consult and work with experienced professionals. Our expert team at Golden Harbors can provide tailored guidance for getting Colombian residence permit based on your specific situation, ensuring that you meet all requirements and avoid potential pitfalls.

By following these tips and seeking professional guidance, you can increase your chances of a successful visa application and ensure that your investment in Colombia goes smoothly.

Colombia Investment Visas FAQ

What type of Investment Visa is the most popular in Colombia?

The most popular type of Colombian investment visa is the Real Estate Investment visa (M-10). This visa category is renowned for reasons such as the opportunity to invest in tangible assets, the potential for long-term residency, and the growth of Colombia's real estate market. It is possible to receive passive income from rent on a monthly basis and return the investment amount in approximately 5 years.

Does Colombia have an E2 treaty investor visa?

Yes, Colombia has an E-2 treaty investor visa with the United States. The E-2 investor visa is a specific visa category that allows citizens of Colombia to invest a substantial amount (at least USD 100,000) of capital in a U.S.-based business and, in turn, receive a 5-year visa to manage and work in that business in the United States.‍

What is the Colombian Golden Visa?

The Colombian Golden Visa is a term commonly used in the context of immigration to refer to programs that offer residency to individuals who make significant investments, typically in the form of real estate or business ventures. The M-10 and M-6 Investment Visas can be considered Colombian Golden Visas.

How difficult is it to get Colombian Investment Visas compared to other countries in Latin America?

It is relatively easy to get Colombian Investment Visas compared to other countries in Latin America. Colombia has one of the most affordable investment requirements of USD 25,777 and the quickest application process, which will take approximately 3 months as of 2023.

What are the top 5 alternatives to Colombian Investment Visas?

Here are 5 top alternatives to Colombian investment visas. These are investment or passive income visas in Chile, Argentina, Mexico, Panama, and Costa Rica.

Chile

While there is no formal minimum income requirement in Chile, applicants should have a passive income of at least USD 1,500 per month and have an address in Chile. Investors get a 2-year renewable residence permit and are able to apply for Chilean citizenship in 5 years.

Argentina  

Foreigners can become residents of Argentina if they can demonstrate a monthly income of at least USD 2,000 and buy or rent real estate in Argentina. The residence permit is valid for 1 year and can be extended. It is possible to apply for citizenship after living in Argentina for 2 years. 

Mexico 

Individuals can apply for a Mexican passive income visa by showing proof of USD 2,500 in monthly income for the last 6 months and an address in Mexico. There is also a real estate investment visa for individuals who invest in property worth at least USD 300,000. The duration of a temporary resident visa is just 1 year and can be renewed. Citizenship can be obtained in 5 years. 

Panama  

There are two popular ways for investors to get residency in Panama: reforestation investor visas and general investment visas. To qualify for a reforestation investor visa, you must invest at least USD 80,000 to acquire 5 hectares of certified reforestation land. Investors seeking an investment visa must invest USD 300,000 in real estate, a Panamanian deposit account, or a combination of the two. A business investor visa can be obtained by investing USD 160,000 in a Panamanian business. You can apply for Panamanian citizenship in 5 years.

Costa Rica

For the passive income visa, you will need to show that you consistently make at least USD 2,500 per month from your job, your own business, or some other source. You can also put USD 60,000 in a Costa Rican bank or set up a USD 60,000 fixed account with a statement saying that you will get USD 2,500 from that account every month. Additionally, USD 200,000 can be invested in Costa Rican real estate, stocks, or businesses to obtain a 2-year renewable investor visa. Investors can get Costa Rican citizenship in 7 years.

How much does it cost to get a Colombian Investment Visa?

Colombian Investment Visa costs vary by visa type. A Real Estate Investment Visa starts at USD 117,100, and a Business Investment Visa will cost you at least USD 33,100. You should also keep in mind fees for translation and certification of documents (around USD 600), professional services fees (approximately USD 5,000), and government fees (approximately USD 330 per applicant).

Do you need to know Spanish to get a Colombian Investment Visa?

No, you do not need to know Spanish in order to get a Colombian Investment Visa. The language requirement applies only when you apply for Colombian citizenship. 

Do Colombian Investment Visas allow you to apply for Colombian Citizenship?

Yes, Colombian Investment Visas allow you to apply for Colombian citizenship. You can do that in 10 years if you speak Spanish and have spent less than 365 consecutive days outside of Colombia in the 5 years preceding the citizenship application date.