Antigua and Barbuda Citizenship by Investment in 2025

Why Antigua and Barbuda?

Antigua and Barbuda, a twin-island nation in the Eastern Caribbean, has a rich history shaped by its indigenous Arawak and Carib inhabitants, later influenced by European colonization after Christopher Columbus's arrival in 1493. The islands became a British colony in 1632, playing a key role as a naval base due to their strategic location. They achieved independence from the United Kingdom on November 1, 1981, while maintaining ties with the Commonwealth, fostering a unique blend of African, British, and indigenous cultural influences.

Economically, Antigua and Barbuda rely heavily on tourism, which is the primary driver of GDP and employment, thanks to their pristine beaches, luxury resorts, and favorable climate. To diversify the economy, the government has also promoted financial services, real estate, and agriculture, alongside encouraging foreign investments to reduce dependence on tourism.

In 2013, Antigua and Barbuda launched their Citizenship by Investment (CBI) Program to attract foreign direct investment and support economic growth. This program offers investors and their families the opportunity to obtain citizenship through contributions to the National Development Fund, real estate investments, or business ventures, significantly boosting the nation's development initiatives and infrastructure projects.

Antigua and Barbuda Citizenship by Investment Program Overview

Antigua and Barbuda CBI is a government initiative designed to attract foreign investment and stimulate economic development. The program allows individuals to obtain citizenship by making a significant financial contribution to the country. There are several investment options available, including a minimum contribution of USD 230,000 to the National Development Fund (NDF), an investment of at least USD 300,000 in government-approved real estate, a direct business investment starting at USD 1.5 million, or a USD 260,000 contribution to the University of the West Indies Fund. Each investment route comes with its own set of government fees and due diligence costs.

The program plays a crucial role in supporting Antigua and Barbuda’s economic growth by funding national development projects, infrastructure improvements, and educational initiatives. The government maintains a structured application process, ensuring transparency and efficiency. Approved applicants must fulfill investment obligations and comply with the necessary legal requirements before obtaining citizenship. The program has gained international recognition for its streamlined approach and contribution to the country's financial and social development.

Antigua and Barbuda Citizenship by Investment Cost

The total cost of obtaining the Antigua and Barbuda CBI program depends on the chosen investment route, the number of applicants, and additional administrative fees. The minimum financial commitment starts at USD 230,000 for a contribution to the NDF. Additional expenses include government processing fees, due diligence fees, passport issuance costs, and legal fees. A detailed breakdown of these costs is listed below in the article.

Antigua and Barbuda Citizenship by Investment Residency Requirements

Antigua and Barbuda CBI offers minimal residency obligations, providing flexibility for investors who do not wish to relocate permanently.

• Residency Requirement. New citizens must spend at least five days in Antigua and Barbuda within the first five years of obtaining citizenship.
• No Physical Presence Required for Application. Applicants do not need to visit the country during the application process.

Antigua and Barbuda Citizenship Benefits

Antigua and Barbuda CBI program has a range of benefits for investors seeking greater global mobility, financial advantages, and security for their families. Below are 10 key advantages of obtaining an Antigua and Barbuda passport:

Visa-Free Travel to Over 150 Countries

Antigua and Barbuda citizens enjoy visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to over 150 destinations worldwide, including the United Kingdom, Schengen Area countries such as France, Germany, Italy, and Spain, as well as Hong Kong, China, Singapore, and Russia. This extensive travel freedom allows passport holders to engage in international business, tourism, and investment opportunities with ease.

Attractive Tax System

Antigua and Barbuda offers a tax-friendly environment with no personal income tax, no wealth tax, no capital gains tax, and no inheritance tax. This makes it an ideal jurisdiction for high-net-worth individuals looking to protect and grow their wealth in a legally sound manner.

Flexible Residency Requirement

Investors are not required to physically reside in Antigua and Barbuda before, during, or after the application process. The only requirement is to spend at least five days in the country within the first five years after obtaining citizenship. This flexibility allows investors to maintain their primary residence elsewhere while still enjoying the benefits of Caribbean citizenship.

Inclusion of Family Members

Antigua and Barbuda’s CBI program allows investors to include their spouse, dependent children, parents and grandparents, and unmarried siblings of the main applicant or spouse. This family-friendly policy enables multiple generations to benefit from global mobility, financial advantages, and access to international education and healthcare.

Efficient and Transparent Application Process

The application process is streamlined, typically taking four to six months from submission to approval. There are no language tests, no educational or managerial experience requirements, and the documentation is straightforward. This efficiency allows investors to quickly secure their second citizenship and start enjoying its benefits.

Dual Citizenship Permitted

Antigua and Barbuda recognizes dual citizenship, meaning investors can retain their original nationality while benefiting from a second passport. There is no requirement to renounce existing citizenship, no restrictions on holding multiple passports, and the added advantage of greater security and global mobility.

Real Estate Investment Opportunities

The CBI program allows investors to purchase government-approved real estate, which can be resold after five years. This includes investment in luxury resorts, beachfront properties, and commercial real estate. Investors can benefit from potential rental income due to strong tourism demand, as well as capital appreciation over time.

Access to the U.S. B-1/B-2 Visa

Antigua and Barbuda passport holders can apply for a 10-year U.S. B-1/B-2 visitor visa, allowing them to stay in the U.S. for up to 180 days per year for business and leisure. The visa also offers multiple entries without the need to reapply each time, providing long-term travel flexibility.

Commonwealth Benefits

As a Commonwealth nation, Antigua and Barbuda’s citizens enjoy special privileges in the United Kingdom, including easier visa applications and work opportunities. They also receive consular support and assistance in other Commonwealth countries, offering additional diplomatic advantages.

Stable and Business-Friendly Economy

Antigua and Barbuda has a stable political environment and investment-friendly policies, making it an attractive destination for international entrepreneurs looking for tax-efficient business structures, high-net-worth individuals seeking financial security, and investors in tourism, finance, and real estate. The country’s growing economy, driven by tourism, offshore banking, and foreign direct investment, ensures long-term financial stability for its citizens.

Antigua and Barbuda Citizenship by Investment Options

Antigua and Barbuda CBI presents four distinct investment options for applicants seeking citizenship. There is a list of the possible routes below. 

National Development Fund (NDF) Contribution

This option requires a one-time, non-refundable contribution to the National Development Fund, a non-profit entity established to finance government-sponsored projects, including public-private partnerships and approved charitable investments. 

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Real Estate Investment

Applicants may qualify for citizenship by purchasing an approved real estate project. The property must be held for at least five years before it can be resold. Beneficial ownership through a non-profit company is permissible under specific conditions. Processing fees and due diligence fees apply, and the application process may take longer due to the complexities involved in real estate transactions. 

Business Investment

This option offers two pathways:

• Single Investor: A sole applicant invests at least USD 1,500,000 in an approved business.
• Joint Investment: A minimum of two applicants jointly invest a total of at least USD 5,000,000 in an approved business, with each person contributing at least USD 400,000.

Processing fees and due diligence fees apply for both pathways. The investment must be made within 30 days of receiving the approval letter. 

Single Investor Option:

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Joint Investment Option:

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University of the West Indies (UWI) Fund Contribution

Designed for larger families (six or more), this option requires a non-refundable contribution to the University of the West Indies Fund. Participation entitles one family member to a one-year, tuition-only scholarship.

Antigua and Barbuda Citizenship by Investment Qualification Requirements

Antigua and Barbuda CBI Program has specific eligibility criteria that applicants must meet, regardless of the chosen investment option. Below is a table summarizing these general qualification requirements:

Applicants can include the following dependents in the same application: 

• Spouse: The legal partner of the main applicant.
• Children:
  
  • A child of the main applicant or their spouse who is aged 0 to 30 years and financially dependent on the main applicant.
  • A child of the main applicant or their spouse who is 18 years or older, physically or mentally handicapped, living with, and fully supported by the main applicant.
• Parents or Grandparents:
  
  • A parent or grandparent of the main applicant, or their spouse, who is 55 years of age or older and financially dependent on the main applicant.
• Siblings:
  
  • An unmarried sibling of the main applicant, or their spouse.
• Future Dependents:
  
  • A future spouse of the main applicant (a fee of US$50,000 is payable upon application).
  • A future spouse of dependent children where the dependent child is financially dependent on the main applicant.
  • A future child of a dependent child (a fee of US$10,000 is payable for children under 6 years of age and US$20,000 for children aged 6-17).

For the purposes of the Antigua and Barbuda Citizenship by Investment Programme, a 'child' refers to a biological or legally adopted child of the main applicant or their spouse.

Restricted Nationalities for Antigua and Barbuda CBI Program

As of February 26, 2020, the Cabinet of Antigua and Barbuda revised the list of restricted nationalities for its CBI Program. The countries currently on this list include:

• Afghanistan
• Iran
• North Korea
• Somalia
• Yemen
• Sudan

However, individuals from these nations may still qualify for citizenship if they meet specific conditions:

• They must have left their country of birth before reaching adulthood or have held permanent residency in a non-restricted country for at least 10 years.
• They must have no economic ties to any country on the restricted list.
• All applicants must also pass the CBI Program’s strict due diligence checks.

These restrictions are in place to uphold the integrity of Antigua and Barbuda’s passport and to ensure that only individuals with backgrounds that do not pose a risk to the security and reputation of the CBI Program are granted citizenship.

Antigua and Barbuda Citizenship by Investment Documents

To apply for the Antigua and Barbuda CBI Program, applicants must prepare and submit a comprehensive set of documents. The primary documents required include:

1. Completed Application Forms:
   
   • Citizenship by Investment Application Form (AB1)
   • Photograph and Signature Certificate (AB2)
   • Medical Certificate (AB3)
   • Investment Confirmation Form (AB4)
   • Agent Form (AB5)

These forms are available on the official Citizenship by Investment Unit (CIU) website here: cip.gov.ag

2. Identification Documents:
   
   • Certified color copies of each applicant's current passport(s), showing name, photo, citizenship/nationality, date, and place of issue. 
   • Certified color copies of current machine-readable national identity card(s). 
3. Photographs:
   
   • Four original passport-sized color photographs of each applicant. 
4. Birth and Civil Status Certificates:
   
   • Original or certified copies of full birth certificates for all applicants.
   • Certified copies of marriage or divorce certificates, if applicable. 
5. Proof of Name Change:
   
   • Certified copies of legal documents supporting any name changes, if applicable. 
6. Police Clearance Certificates:
   
   • Original police certificates from each country where the applicant has resided for six months or more since the age of 18. 
7. Medical Certificates:
   
   • Completed Medical Certificate for each applicant, including original results of an HIV test taken within the last three months. 
8. Proof of Financial Resources:
   
   • Evidence supporting the source of funds for the investment, such as bank statements, financial statements, or other relevant documents. 
9. Military Records:
   
   • Certified copies of military records, if applicable. 
10. Investment Confirmation:
    
    • Relevant documentation confirming the chosen investment option, such as a signed purchase and sale agreement for real estate or a donation confirmation letter. 

All documents must be in English or accompanied by certified translations. Additionally, they should be authenticated with an apostille or equivalent certification to ensure their acceptance by the CIU. 

Antigua and Barbuda Citizenship by Investment Processing Time

The Antigua and Barbuda Citizenship by Investment (CBI) program offers a structured pathway to citizenship for investors. Historically, the processing time has ranged from 3 to 6 months. However, recent reports indicate that the program is experiencing significant backlogs, which may extend the processing time beyond the standard duration. 

The application process begins with a comprehensive due diligence and pre-approval stage, typically lasting up to 12 weeks. During this period, applicants undergo thorough background checks, including reviews of personal, financial, and professional histories, to ensure compliance with legal requirements and maintain the program's integrity. Upon successful completion, applicants receive pre-approval to proceed.

Following pre-approval, the main application submission and investment phase usually takes an additional 6 to 8 weeks. In this stage, applicants finalize their chosen investment, such as contributing to the National Development Fund or investing in approved real estate projects. Once the investment is verified and all documentation is reviewed, final approval is granted, leading to the issuance of citizenship certificates and Antigua and Barbuda passports.

To enhance the efficiency of the application process, applicants should ensure that all required documents are complete and accurate. Collaborating with authorized agents familiar with the CBI process can also provide valuable guidance. While the program aims for prompt processing, timelines can be influenced by factors such as the applicant's background and the current workload of the Citizenship by Investment Unit. Therefore, it is advisable to plan accordingly and maintain flexibility in expectations regarding the timeline for obtaining citizenship through investment in Antigua and Barbuda.

How to apply for citizenship by investment in Antigua and Barbuda?

The Antigua and Barbuda CBI program provides a streamlined process for individuals seeking to obtain citizenship through qualifying investments. The application process involves the following key steps:

Step 1. Engage an Authorized Agent

Applicants must start the process by contacting an Authorized Agent licensed by the Antigua and Barbuda Citizenship by Investment Unit (CIU). Direct submissions to the CIU are not allowed, and all applications must be handled through these accredited professionals who manage the process from start to finish.

Step 2. Prepare Documentation

Working closely with the Authorized Agent, applicants complete all required forms, undergo a medical examination, and compile necessary supporting documents. This includes proof of identity, financial records, and police clearance certificates. All documents must be in English or accompanied by certified translations, and properly legalized where required. For real estate investments, a sale and purchase agreement is necessary.

Step 3. Submit Application

Once the application is complete, the Authorized Agent submits it to the CIU along with the applicable due diligence and processing fees. The agent will handle all correspondence with the CIU, ensuring that any requests for additional information or documentation are promptly addressed.

Step 4. Undergo Due Diligence

The CIU conducts a thorough due diligence process to verify the accuracy and authenticity of the information provided. This includes background checks on all applicants aged 18 and over. Based on the results, the CIU makes a recommendation to the relevant government authority, which issues a decision to approve, delay, or reject the application. The decision is communicated to the applicant via the Authorized Agent.

Step 5. Complete Investment

Upon receiving approval, the applicant must complete the required investment. This may involve making a contribution to the National Development Fund, purchasing approved real estate, or investing in an eligible business. Proof of the completed investment is submitted to the CIU.

Step 6. Receive Citizenship Certificate and Passport

After confirming the investment, the CIU issues a Certificate of Registration, officially granting citizenship. The Authorized Agent then assists in applying for an Antigua and Barbuda passport. To maintain citizenship, applicants must fulfill the residency requirement of spending at least five days in the country within the first five years of obtaining citizenship.

Antigua and Barbuda CIP vs Other Caribbean Programs

There are five Caribbean Citizenship by Investment (CBI) programs that provide investors the opportunity to secure citizenship in exchange for economic contributions. These programs offer a range of benefits, including enhanced global mobility, favorable tax regimes, and access to new business opportunities. The table below compares Antigua and Barbuda CBI with other leading Caribbean programs:

Choosing the right Caribbean CBI program depends on your personal goals, investment capacity, and desired benefits, as each program offers distinct advantages and requirements tailored to different investor profiles.

Antigua and Barbuda Citizenship by Investment Help

Golden Harbors is a reputable firm specializing in guiding clients through the process of obtaining citizenship by investment in Antigua and Barbuda. With extensive experience in the industry, Golden Harbors offers tailored solutions to meet the unique needs of each client.

How Golden Harbors Can Assist You:

1. Expert Consultation. Golden Harbors provides personalized consultations to help clients understand the various investment options available under Antigua and Barbuda CBI Program. We assess individual circumstances to recommend the most suitable investment pathway.
2. Comprehensive Application Support. We assist in preparing and submitting all necessary documentation, ensuring that applications are complete and comply with the program's requirements. This includes guidance on legal and financial documentation, as well as medical and security clearances.
3. Due Diligence Preparation. We conduct thorough pre-screening to identify and mitigate any potential issues that could arise during the government's due diligence process, thereby minimizing the risk of application rejection.
4. Investment Facilitation. Whether clients choose to invest in real estate, make a contribution to the National Development Fund, or opt for other approved investment routes, Golden Harbors provides support throughout the investment process, including assistance with property selection and legal formalities.
5. Post-Citizenship Services. After securing citizenship, Golden Harbors offers additional services such as assistance with passport renewal, obtaining a tax ID number and driver's license, guidance on fulfilling residency requirements, and advice on maximizing the benefits of Antigua and Barbuda citizenship, including name changes.

Our team is committed to providing a seamless and efficient experience for clients seeking citizenship by investment in Antigua and Barbuda. Their expertise and personalized approach ensure that clients can confidently navigate the complexities of the application process. 

FAQ

How to Get Citizenship in Antigua and Barbuda?

Antigua and Barbuda's Citizenship by Investment Program (CIP) offers several pathways for individuals seeking citizenship. Applicants can make a non-refundable contribution of at least USD 230,000 to the National Development Fund (NDF). Alternatively, a USD 260,000 donation to the University of the West Indies (UWI) Fund is available for families of six or more, which includes processing fees and grants one family member a one-year tuition-only scholarship at UWI. Another option is investing a minimum of USD 300,000 in approved real estate projects, with the requirement to hold the property for at least five years. Moreover, applicants can invest USD 1.5 million individually or USD 400,000 each in a joint investment totaling at least USD 5 million in an approved business. 

Do I Have to Travel to Antigua?

While you are not required to travel to Antigua and Barbuda during the application process for citizenship by investment, successful applicants and their dependents must spend at least five days in the country within the first five years of obtaining citizenship. This residency requirement is necessary to maintain your citizenship status and is typically fulfilled when renewing your passport after its initial five-year validity. 

Do I Need to Pay Taxes in Antigua and Barbuda?

Antigua and Barbuda offers a favorable tax environment, particularly for its residents. Since 2016, the country has abolished personal income tax, meaning residents do not pay taxes on their worldwide income. Also, there are no capital gains, wealth, or inheritance taxes. 

How Much Does it Cost to Get Citizenship in Antigua and Barbuda?

The cost of obtaining citizenship in Antigua and Barbuda under the Citizenship by Investment Program varies based on the selected investment route. The most affordable option is a non-refundable contribution to the National Development Fund, starting at USD 230,000 for a single applicant, with additional due diligence and processing fees. Real estate investment requires a minimum purchase of USD 300,000 in an approved project, while business investment mandates at least USD 1,500,000 for a sole investor or USD 400,000 per participant in a USD 5,000,000 joint investment. Families of six or more can opt for the University of the West Indies Fund, contributing USD 260,000, which includes processing fees. Additional costs apply for dependents, due diligence, and a USD 300 passport fee per applicant.

Does an Antigua and Barbuda Passport Allow you to Travel Visa-Free to the EU?

Yes, holders of an Antigua and Barbuda passport can travel visa-free to all European Union (EU) and Schengen Area countries for stays of up to 90 days within any 180-day period. This visa exemption is based on agreements between Antigua and Barbuda and the EU. However, it's important to note that the EU is introducing the European Travel Information and Authorization System (ETIAS), which is expected to be operational by late 2025. Once implemented, citizens from visa-exempt countries, including Antigua and Barbuda, will need to obtain an ETIAS authorization before traveling to EU and Schengen countries. The ETIAS authorization will be valid for multiple short-term stays over a three-year period and aims to enhance security by pre-screening travelers.

Can I Directly Apply for Antigua and Barbuda CIP Without an Agent?

No, you cannot apply directly for Antigua and Barbuda's Citizenship by Investment Program (CIP) without an agent. The Citizenship by Investment Unit (CIU) mandates that all applications be submitted through authorized agents. These agents are responsible for reviewing your application, ensuring all required documentation is in order, and submitting it on your behalf. They serve as the primary point of contact between applicants and the CIU throughout the application process. 

Do I Need to Give Up My Current Citizenship?

No, Antigua and Barbuda does not require you to relinquish your current citizenship when obtaining citizenship through their Citizenship by Investment Program. The country recognizes and permits dual citizenship, allowing you to retain your original nationality while enjoying the benefits of Antiguan and Barbudan citizenship. 

How Fast Can You Get an Antigua and Barbuda Passport?

The processing time for obtaining an Antigua and Barbuda passport by investment typically ranges from 3 to 6 months after application submission. However, recent reports indicate that the program is currently experiencing significant backlogs, which may extend the processing time beyond the usual duration.  Applicants should be prepared for potential delays and are advised to consult with authorized agents or the Citizenship by Investment Unit for the most up-to-date information on processing timelines.

Is Antigua Citizenship Worth It?

Yes, Antigua and Barbuda citizenship by investment is worth it. Acquiring citizenship in Antigua and Barbuda offers several advantages. These include visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to over 150 countries, such as the UK, Schengen Area, Hong Kong, and Singapore. The program allows for the inclusion of family members, including spouses, dependent children up to 30 years old, parents, grandparents, and unmarried siblings. Antigua and Barbuda permits dual citizenship, enabling investors to retain their original nationality. The nation also offers a favorable tax regime, with no personal income tax, capital gains tax, or inheritance tax. 

Can a US Citizen Move to Antigua?

Yes, U.S. citizens can move to Antigua and Barbuda through various pathways. One option is the Citizenship by Investment Program, which allows individuals to obtain citizenship by making a qualifying investment, such as a donation to the National Development Fund or purchasing approved real estate. Alternatively, the Permanent Residency Program requires maintaining a residential address in the country, spending at least 30 days annually there, having a minimum annual income of USD 100,000, and paying a flat annual tax of USD 20,000. For remote workers, the Nomad Digital Residence Program offers a two-year visa to those employed outside of Antigua and Barbuda, earning at least USD 50,000 annually, and possessing health insurance coverage. 

What are Other Popular Caribbean Citizenships by Investment Options?

In addition to Antigua and Barbuda, several Caribbean nations offer attractive Citizenship by Investment (CBI) programs, each with unique benefits and investment requirements:

• St. Kitts and Nevis. Established in 1984, it's the world's oldest CBI program, renowned for its efficiency. The minimum contribution to the Sustainable Growth Fund (SGF) is USD 250,000 for a single applicant or USD 300,000 for a family of four. Alternatively, applicants can invest in government-approved real estate starting at USD 400,000. The process can be expedited to 60 days through the Accelerated Application Process (AAP). St. Kitts and Nevis citizenship provides visa-free access to over 150 countries, including the EU, the UK, and Singapore.
• Dominica.Known for being affordable and straightforward, Dominica requires a minimum contribution of USD 200,000 to the Economic Diversification Fund (EDF) for a single applicant or USD 250,000 for a family of four. Real estate investment starts at USD 200,000, with additional government fees. The process typically takes three months, and the Dominica passport grants visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to over 145 countries, including the Schengen Area and the UK.
• Grenada. Grenada's CBI program stands out due to its E-2 Investor Visa treaty with the United States, allowing citizens to apply for a non-immigrant visa to reside and work in the U.S. The minimum non-refundable contribution to the National Transformation Fund is USD 235,000 for a single applicant, while real estate investments start at USD 270,000. Processing time is approximately 7-8 months, and Grenadian citizenship offers visa-free travel to over 140 countries, including China, the Schengen Area, and the UK.
• Saint Lucia. Launched in 2016, Saint Lucia's program is valued for its flexibility. Applicants can contribute USD 200,000 to the National Economic Fund (NEF) for a single applicant or USD 240,000 for a family of up to four. Real estate investment starts at USD 300,000, while the purchase of government bonds requires at least USD 250,000. Processing time is typically three to four months, and Saint Lucia citizenship offers visa-free access to over 140 countries, including the Schengen Area, the UK, and Singapore.